The birth of Islam in Mecca and the emergence of the first Islamic state in Medina, is a historic moment for the birth of a new civilization that has changed the history of the world. Civilization has not only managed to change the pattern of life and culture of Pre-Islamic Arabs who owed ​​passion and ignorance to a new way of life rooted in morals and high civilization but it also changed the geo-political world.

With the care and guidance of the Prophet and later continued by his companions (ra), the population of the Arab nations and descendants successfully consolidated with the bond of faith and brotherhood Islamiyah. They appear to be a moral people, competent and ready to sacrifice for the sake of Islam. Within a short time, the power of the Roman and Persian formerly underestimate the Arabs now have to bow to the authority of Islam. Therefore, from the 7th century to the 18th century, the world was dominated by and seen as key by the Islamic civilization. During that period, especially in the 9th century to the 13th century, history has recorded how Islamic civilization has produced many eminent scholars in various forms of knowledge.

At that time, the progress of science and technology and other fields of knowledge possessed by the Islamic world there are no unmatched by any race or country. In every capital city of Islamic rule, especially Baghdad (in Asia), Cordova (in Europe) and Alexandria (in Africa), scientific and cultural activities take place with splendid and all walks of life participated. Many scholars and students from abroad, especially from the Christian nations of Europe came to learn and explore various fields and disciplines.

1.1    Time of the Prophet

Historical growth and development of Islamic civilization began in the Prophet Mohammed's time period is divided into two periods, namely period Makkah and Madinah period. Both times are very significant differences in terms of growth. Mecca is the basic time period in which the formation of Islamic civilization emphasis on spiritual, mental and moral society. Medina period is the time to build a better community and country as well as the forgiveness of God.

a.    Makkah

Concentration given by the Prophet in Makkah is more of a preparation of cadres steady and strong in the face of evil kuffar extremist factions and Pagans (because it allows the freedom to implement the teachings of Islam or preaching commanded by God). In fact, they act brutally against the Muslims, who was then very few in number. 13 years are critical times and healed for Muslims. Penghijraan happened to Ethiopia and Taif did not have much space and the success of the Muslims. They suffered various forms of torture and threats but firm and confident with the newly professed faith. They are thick and the initial generation of home educated by the Prophet

b.    Medina

Migration to Medina to declare a number of changes to the Muslims towards more advanced and successful in all areas of life based on the principle of faith. AH also heralded the implementation of sharia celestial comprehensively cover the social, political, religious and others. After a foot in the Medina, the Prophet was performing the following steps:

i.    Social

As an apostle and leader of the Arab nation, Muhammad managed to compile and organize the social stratification of the Arabs from negative to positive. Consolidation that has never existed in the dictionary Arabs living has become a reality with the advent of the Prophet even their lives for the better   peaceful.For example, efforts to unite between the Ansar and the immigrants so that each is willing to make any sacrifice for the common good. The status of women are upheld when they are allowed to receive before this estate because they do not have any rights.

ii.    Politics

According to Ibn Hisham markings, "Sahifah al-Madinah" or the Charter of Medina founded after the establishment of the Holy Mosque. The Charter consists of an agreement between the Muhajirs and the Ansar and the people of Medina who races like Aus, Khazraj and the Jewish tribe of Bani Qainuqa and Banu al-Nadir.

iii.    Economy

The Messenger update zakat, tax Rich, fai 'and kharaj. Jews are capitalists who control the economy of Medina at the time. They make money without moral reckoning. Hence the Prophet encouraged Muslims to get involved in the business of breaking the monopoly that had been done by Jews. In this way Muslims can break the financial network of the Jewish trap poor people by providing loans on high interest rates. Messenger also pay attention to the field of animal husbandry and agriculture.

SUMBER DISINI

SUMARRY
Of the various terms of the civilization that despite differences in interpretation, it clearly looks tetatpi menunjunkkan mutually reinforcing and strengthening each other. Based on anecdotal pergertian-pergertian the concept of civilization should be viewed from a broad perspective including achievement and high moral conduct and progress of the placement and perfect facilities.
However, the concept of civilization is often understood human society is now more focused on matters relating to the placement and perfect facilities alone (material) and even worse when progress is linked de4ngan symbols of luxury. Actually the culmination of a civilization is not reflected by the spillover of luxury but the atmosphere of prosperity as Umran expression used by Ibn Khaldun. It can be summarized that the purpose of civilization is the excellence and progress in all aspects of life, whether material or spiritual nature.